This book outlines the development of psychotherapy based on depth psychology, against its historical background. It provides an introduction both to the foundations of classical psychoanalysis and also current theoretical approaches and presents in particular the disturbance-specific distinctions involved in theoretical and technical treatment concepts. The book provides a modern view of depth psychology, viewed as representing multiperspective competence, illustrated with a detailed discussion of clear treatment cases. The presentation of the procedure is rounded off with discussions on the scientific evidence for efficacy.